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11:19 November 16th, 2009

Muslim creationism is back in the news, this time in Egypt

Posted by: Tom Heneghan
Tags: FaithWorld, , , , , , , , , , ,

darwinm-portraitMuslim creationism is back in the news. There’s been a spate of articles in the U.S. and British press recently about the spread of this scripture-based challenge to Darwinian evolution among Muslims, mostly in the Middle East but also in Europe. The fact that some Muslims have embraced creationism, a trademark belief of some conservative American Protestants, is not new. Reuters first wrote about it in 2006 — “Creation vs. Darwin takes Muslim twist in Turkey” – and this blog has run several posts on the issue, including an interview with Islam’s most prominent creationist, Harun Yahya. What’s new is that these ideas seem to be spreading and academics who defend evolution are holding conferences to discuss the phenomenon.

(Photo: Portrait of Charles Darwin, 12 Feb 2009/Gordon Jack)

There are too many recent articles about Islamic creationism out there now to discuss each one separately, so I’ll have to just link to them in the … New York TimesWashington PostBoston GlobeSlateGuardianNational Beliefnet … … Many of these articles highlight the role of Harun Yahya, the once secretive Istanbul preacher and publisher who has gone on a PR offensive in recent years and turned very media-friendly (as Steve Paulson describes in that Slate article). But as Michael Reiss, a London education professor and Anglican priest told the Guardian, “what the Turks believe today is what the Germans and British believe tomorrow. It is because of the mass movement of people between countries. These things can no longer be thought of as occurring in other countries.”

Harun Yahya, 21 May 2008/Osman Orsal

(Photo: Harun Yahya, 21 May 2008/Osman Orsal)

Over the weekend, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina in Alexandria, Egypt hosted a conference on “Darwin’s Living Legacy: An International Conference on Evolution and Society” with the British Council. The simple fact of holding a conference on Darwin in the heart of the Middle East, where his theory of evolution is widely rejected, is already noteworthy. According to the Guardian’s Riazat Butt, Nidhal Guessoum, professor of physics and astronomy at the American University of Sharjah, told the conference that only three Muslim or Muslim-majority countries out of a possible 22 taught evolution. Another participant, astronomer Salman Hameed, who is professor of integrated science & humanities from Hampshire College in Massachusetts, wrote on his informative science-and-religion blog Irtiqa: “It is incredible that this conference is taking place in Egypt. I don’t know what will be the reaction here. Simply by its location, it may remove some of the stigma regarding evolution in the Muslim world, or it may end up generating a backlash. Frankly, I have no idea about the reaction.”

In an update on Sunday, Hameed wrote: “There have been some anti-evolutionary comments made in the sessions that dealt with religion and evolution - but overall, the reception seems to have been quite positive - both in Egyptian newspapers and among the local participants.”

salman-hameed

(Photo: Salman Hameed/Irtiqa)

As a example of what they’re up against, another participant was Zaghloul El-Naggar, a leading proponent of the theory that the Koran foresaw scientific theories and discoveries, including the Big Bang and a possible cure for AIDS. He was quoted prominently in a recent Al-Jazeera report on the discovery of the 4.4 million year old skeleton known as Ardipithicus or “Ardi.” The report claimed that the find disproved Darwinian evolution — the opposite of what scientists said about the spectacular discovery of the most complete early hominid specimen we have.  The report only appeared in Al-Jazeera’s Arabic-language television channel, which is very popular in the Middle East, and not in its English-language broadcast. “The presence of El-Naggar totally polarized the debate and evoked an equally polarizing reaction from the audience,” wrote Hameed, who promised further posts from the conference ending today.

Last month, Hameed’s Hampshire College hosted a conference on Darwin and Evolution in the Muslim World. Webcasts of presentations there can be found on the conference website.

What do you think? Is the spread of creationism among Muslims a matter for concern? Is it the same as the battle between creationism and science in Christianity?

Here’s the video of the Al-Jazeera report, with subtitles in English added by critics of its presentation:

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93 comments so far

@Anon >>You say the Quran makes scientific claims which science cannot disprove. You are incorrect.The Quran does not make scientific claims. It makes supernatural claims without evidence.<<

No, you are incorrect. Qur’an does make scientific claims in the field of embryology, cosmology, just to name the few. ALL such assertions have been confirmed by the leading scientist to be 100% in conformity with science. The supernatural claims can not be proven since we do not have the capability to do so.

@Tibi, first of all, let me say that your Islamophobia is showing through. Secondly, you state “that the fossils and the missing links HAVE been found”, please point me to the website that has documented evidence of a creature that is half way between an ape and a human. Per your logic, it has taken a very long time for this transition to take place. One would think that there would be ample evidence of this in the million or so samples of fossils that have been collected within last century. I need evidence to put my faith in this theory. I do not blindly accept any claim.

As far as Qur’an is concerned, I go by the human psychology - an important part of science, to reach my conclusion that this book is not written by any human being. The consistency, the emphasis, etc. are not consistent with the why we humans operate and think. This is the reason Muslims consider the Qur’an as the miracle itself.

- Posted by Jimmy Khan

Jimmy Khan, “evolutionists”–which is a stupid name given to those who understand that evolution is a fact–dismiss non-arguments as what they are: worth nothing. I agree this might feel offensive for those who make the arguments, in case they are not smart or educated enough themselves to understand the arguments are wrong, but that doesn’t change the fact that “evolutions” are right. Unlike other subjects, where one can really talk about “everybody” being right, or giving credit to each point of view, this cannot hold for science. Scientifically speaking, a position is either right, or wrong, or we do not know yet. We do not know yet how the Universe came into being; we do know for sure that living beings evolve; and we know for certain that different species of animals and plants appeared progressively, and were NOT “created” simultaneously from nothing by some all-powerful god.

The claim that evolution happens, but does not change living beings “too much” is ignorant on several levels. Firstly, distinctions between species are arbitrary human divisions. Many different races of dogs would be called different species if we had encountered them in the wild. Which brings us to the next interesting point, that dogs used to “be” wolves. Like a number of other animals, dogs were specifically selected (genetically engineered, if you will) by people to suit our purposes. Same happened to cows or (domestic) sheep, as well as to any number of species of plants.

If you think microevolution (small changes within the species) is possible, it is illogical to not understand that macroevolution (changes from one species to another) is inevitable. Richard Dawkins (from which I “borrowed” the domestic animals example, too) asks us to imagine our entire female genealogy. Think of your mother, you mother’s mother, your mother’s mother’s mother, etc. Your mom probably looks a lot like you. Your grandma will look similar to you. But differences surely exist, and as you go back the generations, it is not surprising that your ancestors will start looking less and less like you. It is hard for human beings to imagine periods of time longer than a few decades, but please try to imagine what would happen over 1000 generations; 10 000 generations; 100 000 generations. Your ancestors would slowly, very slowly, become shorter… it’s not a monotonic decrease in size, you grandma might have been taller than your mom. But if you average over dozens of generations, and look back tens of thousands of years, you’ll see a sure trend of people growing shorter, more hairy, their arms would be longer compared to their trunks… The fossils that you ignorantly seem to believe don’t exist are just snapshots of the process I’m describing. And they look exactly like what I’m describing: a species that is progressively turning into another one. Small changes add up to big ones. That’s also how mountains were formed, by the continuous collision of tectonic plates, and then shaping by winds, waters etc. You can’t notice these changes during a lifetime, but do you doubt they exist? Do you believe your god also created all the mountains and rivers and sea and lakes exactly the way we see them now?

Intelligent people do not “believe in” the theory of evolution. We don’t pray to it, we don’t worship it, we don’t believe it on blind faith. We UNDERSTAND that it is a fact, because we have seen convincing evidence and heard convincing arguments from those of us (evolutionary biologists) whose jobs are to understand these topics as well as possible. I’m not a biologist, and I don’t claim I understand evolution perfectly. But I understand it enough to see that it’s a fact. You base your non-belief “in” evolution on lies that have been fed to you and you were too gullible to resist them. Please understand that evolution is NOT random chance, that the fossils and the missing links HAVE been found, and that no sane, intelligent person, and no biologist with any respect from his/her peers, doubt that the main tenets of the theory of evolution are correct. This should make you realize that you should come down from your high horses, and start asking questions until you eliminate your confusions. Until you do that, any scientist, and any intelligent human, will dismiss your arguments without saying more than “you’re being ignorant”.

The reason for which atheists haven’t had much success with Muslims is because there is a lot more fundamentalism in the Muslim world than in the rest of the world. This might be related to the fact that Islam is a few hundred years younger than its main competitor–Christianity. Indeed, a few hundred years ago, Christianity was very fundamentalist itself, with crusades and the Inquisition, burning people at the stake, and persecuting scientists. Surely the fact that the government has an official religious affiliation in many Muslim countries, affects the freedom that people have to doubt that religion.

Another factor is that Islam is fundamentally a more violent religion, based on the older and more savage teachings that are apparent in Christianity’s own “Old Testament” (or the Jewish Torah). In short, if you’re stoning people to death in Somalia for having sex–i.e., doing what their creator designed them to do–and women risk to get killed if they go to school, or if they don’t wear full-body ‘armors’, it’s not surprising you guys can’t see the light. As Jim Jones pointed out, if your education is designed with the main focus on propagating the lies from an outdated religious book, how can we expect you to be impartial, and accept the scientific evidence laid before you?

- Posted by Tibi

“Qur’an has many scientific claims that no one has been able to prove wrong. We accept that science has limitation to explain any super-natural phenomena. Atheists do not accept this limitation of science.”

This is known as an “argument from ignorance” or “argument from negative proof”. And it is an error of logic.

If the Quran has scientific claims, then the onus is on the religious person to prove these claims are true. Not for science to prove it false.

The Quran is just a book written by man. And there is no evidence that its claims are true. But you believe that it is true until proven untrue, even when there is no evidence that it is true.

So what good is evidence to you? We could show you all the evidence in the entire universe. But it will not change your view. Because you believe things with no evidence, which means no amount of evidence in the real world is worth anything.

Science takes the evidence which exists and reaches a conclusion. It operates on positive evidence.

You say the Quran makes scientific claims which science cannot disprove. You are incorrect.The Quran does not make scientific claims. It makes supernatural claims without evidence.

There is no reason for science to disprove the Quran. If the Quran has not been proven true, there is nothing to disprove.

- Posted by Anon

Jimmy.

I wouldn’t point fingers at evolution and scientists if you want to accuse people of dishonesty.

Just go to the discovery institute, or any of their sister sites. Look at any of their arguments and assertions.

Rest assured that every single argument creationists make on their websites are based on either:
-Intentional and dishonest representations,
-Deliberate MISrepresentations and/or quote mining,
-Arguments based on circular or faulty logic,
-Or all of the above.

Let us provide a prime example of creationist ‘honesty’.

A creationist site claimed that an Allosaurus bone had been sent to a lab, with a misleading label on it. The scientist radiometric dated the bone and found the age of the fragment was 10,000 years old. Not millions of years old as was expected.

So the creationist sites rant at how this proves that either Young Earth Theory is correct, or that radiometric dating is flawed. And all the little drones who view the information cheerfully pass it on to other sites.

But the creationists fail to mention an important fact to the sheep in their flock. The scientist, not knowing what the bone was, was instructed to give the bone radio-carbon dating.

The creationists also failed to mention that carbon dating is only accurate for things less then 60,000 years old. Any older fossils will give unusual and incorrect results.

So the question was not “is radiocarbon dating accurate, or is young earth correct?” as the creationist claimed.

Rather the question in this case was “Is the creationist being intentionally dishonest, or just being an imbecile?”

Now this isn’t isolated. Not by a long shot. All creationist arguments follow the same issue:
-Evolution caused the holocaust.
-Evolution is random chance.
-No transitional fossils have ever been found.
-There is still a missing link.
-Complexity is proof of design.

And the pattern? Dishonesty, misquotation, bad logic or all three combined.

Now an educated person would easily be able to pick these things up in creationist arguments and recognise them for what they are and represent. And so an educated person would not be convinced by these arguments, whether they are Christian or not.

Hence, it must be concluded that these arguments are aimed at the uneducated, or those who simply accept what they are told at face value and don’t bother to verify the information they recieve.

It must also be concluded that creationists are willing to engage in deceit and dishonesty in order to fool people into believing evolution is flawed. And feel morally justified in doing so.

That isn’t my bias or an insult. It is simply a conclusion based on the evidence which creationists themselves present.

- Posted by Jim Jones

Micheal, I can understand your confusion since you seem to quite familiar with the Bible. However, what I am talking about here is Qur’an - there is no mention of the relative time frame of the creation of earth and the life forms on it; the discovery of fossilized remains of dinosaurs and other pre-historic beings is very much compatible our belief.

Qur’an has many scientific claims that no one has been able to prove wrong. We accept that science has limitation to explain any super-natural phenomena. Atheists do not accept this limitation of science.

- Posted by Jimmy Khan

Also, the story of creation is not meant literally. When God created Adam, it means that Adam was the first “human animal” to realize that he had a mind which gave him superiority over the other animals in the world.

Adam is the first true human being because he is the first human to recognize his mind. God speaks to man by way of the mind. And inspires by way of the heart. The more God manifests in man, the more perfect will be his mind and his creations in the world. Altruism is the highest quality attainable by man in this world. It is the outward behavioral manifestation of the spirit of God in man.

Creation by way of evolution is the process by which man eventually became physically mature enough to recognize the mind within. And now it is time for the mind and heart to mature. The heart must grow in love until that love is pure. Then and only then will the mind follow suit and use it’s abilities of logic and reason to manifest the pure desire contained in the spiritually mature heart of man.

This spiritual evolution results in the creation of a true human being.

- Posted by Benny Acosta

There is no reason that both ideas need to be against each other. After all, if one believes that there is a creator, then it really doesn’t matter how the creator chooses to create?

If we have discovered that evolution is the vehicle God has chosen for the creation of life then so be it. Science helps us to uncover the processes by which the various creations are made manifest in the world.

It’s not one verses the other and it never has been. One can be spiritual and a scientist.

- Posted by Benny Acosta

Guys just let Jimmy Kahn be, he’s the standard finger-in-the-ear creationist.

No there isn’t one link, as there is no one link with pretty much any animal.

So what even is the evolutionist denier’s beliefs? That man and all these other bipedal/hominid creatures that coincidentally are similar to chimps to humans were all here simultaneously? Or were these creatures created, then man was created?

Did God want to create dinosaurs first even though the Bible is entirely man centered?

Or are those dinosaur skeletons errors in science?

Why has man changed so much since God supposedly created us? Why are we so much taller? Is that not natural selection?

It’s just amazing that those of us who believe in basic science are willing and ready to give specifics on what we think yet creationists only position is to attack ours. They can’t give specifics on anything, nor do they even try to. Why? Because the Bible has zero scientific relevance and can’t give you specifics on anything factual.

- Posted by Michael Ham

Jim Jones’ argument is typical modus operandi for the evolutionist - label those who do not agree with the extrapolation based on Darwin’s theory as “uneducated” and “dishonest”. He should know that many of those who support his side of the argument have done things like putting a human being from Africa in zoo with chimpanzees and claimed that this Congolese person was the missing link!

Yes, we can see how environmental factors can affect some changes in the life forms as was observed by Darwin. What we have issue with is using it to conclude that a certain form of species can completely change into a new form. If this had been true then we would be seeing many examples of the transitional creatures in form of fossils. There aren’t any. The examples we have are either forgeries (talk about honesty) or have been dismissed as anything significant.

So it really boils down to faith - Darwin’s theory provides some sort of explanation for the atheists to believe in their ideology. The big question here is if atheists’ belief system is taught in schools why not mention other beliefs? I have no problem with atheists believing in whatever they believe in, why is it that they have problem when I mention my belief - that Adam was the first human being, created by God, in his (Adam’s) image? Just like I do not try to force my belief system on others, why should atheists impose their belief system on me?

The bottom line is that atheists had made significant gains against many belief systems (including Christianity), however, it is having a hell of a time countering the arguments from Muslims. This evolution/creation debate is not about the science, it is about the faith.

- Posted by Jimmy Khan

The difference between cultures are shocking.

In the Western nations, evolution is the dominant theory for the development of life. The scientific community is united in supporting the theory. The dishonest arguments of creationism and ID have been ridiculed and dismissed by most educated people, scientific communities and the courts.

But in the Islamic nations, people believe that evolution is a lie. They are told in schools that evolution has already been forever discredited by evidence and that the theory has no scientific worth. They are told that darwin’s theories have become nothing more then a mention in the history books. And the people believe it. After all, the immams say it, so it must be true.

The difference? Education levels. When the general population is church educated, if they are educated at all, then they are much easier to fool.

The arguments of the creationist sites are based on lies, half-truths, omissions and blatent dishonesty. Anyone with even a basic understanding of logic or science can easily dismiss their words.

But this is something we take for granted in the western world. Many people are not as fortunate.

Unfortunately, dishonesty is the name of the game for creationists. As far as a creationist is concerned it doesn’t matter whether their argument is honest, accurate or true. All that matters is that the argument is believed. And the uneducated are their victims.

A rule which more or less forms the cornerstone of religion. So it is no wonder creationists would extend this same policy to debate and science, and not even feel a pang of remorse in doing so.

- Posted by Jim Jones

Bill, creationism is not a theory. Comparing it to evolution makes no sense.

As many have said before, evolution does happen: we see it happening. The theory of evolution is a way to explain what we see. Given the huge amount of evidence that we have that is compatible with this theory–and the lack of any evidence incompatible with it–it’s very hard to believe the theory of evolution is simply “wrong”.

There is a fine point here, which is often foreign to non-scientists. Just because a theory isn’t absolutely correct, doesn’t mean we should disregard it. Even calling it “wrong” might be too much to do. As an example, Newton’s theory of mechanics has been proven wrong by Einstein’s relativity. It is true that the very foundations of Newtonian mechanics have proven to be wrong: F does not equal m*a. Yet, saying that classical mechanics is wrong is clearly an exaggeration, since almost everything we encounter in everyday life–cars, bridges, waves, the Moon etc.–obey the Newtonian laws to a very good approximation. Airplanes are designed based on the flawed laws of Newtonian mechanics, yet I hope none of you are going to avoid flying because they’re not using relativity in their designs!

The point is that even if the theory of evolution as we know it today proves to be wrong, it is almost certain that whatever the correct theory is, it will have evolution as a very good approximation.

- Posted by TIbi

bill in arizona wrote: “What if both theories are wrong? Currently there are only two basic philosophies, either evolution or creationism. But what if there were other possibilities? As a species we are still confined to our own small planet, but yet we think we understand the universe we can only stare at from afar. I wouldn’t get to enamored with either theory. I don’t think we know enough to understand all the possibilities yet.”

Bill… creationism is NOT a ‘theory’. Theories EXPLAIN facts… creationism MAKES UP (false) ‘facts’. You make the point that there are ‘other possibilities’… and science acknowledges that. That is why theories change when new facts are discovered. Creationism DOES NOT change, though. It remains the same… the world/universe was poofed into existence by an invisible, magical, all-powerful, supernatural sky-fairy, for the express purpose of serving as an environment for a race of beings (us) that it subsequently fabricated from a dust bunny and a rib for the express purpose of having them, their progeny and their descendants spend their lives believing in it, loving it, praising it, and kissing its holy arse. Ultimately, some few of those beings… apparently ‘the most stupid and gullible’… will be rewarded with eternal life. The unfortunate remainder get to spend the rest of eternity in unimaginable torture and torment. Sweet.

Your statement that “Currently there are only two basic philosophies, either evolution or creationism” is bogus… a ‘false dichotomy’ established by professional LFJs™ (Liars For Jesus) and their Islamic counterparts (Liars For Allah?), who would have us believe that wherever science has not succeeded in explaining something… god did it. If there is a mistake in science… then science is wrong, and ‘god did it’. In other words, ‘god did it’ is the default position, when in fact (as you said) there are many other possibilities. For example, if one scientist out of of tens of thousands concocts a fraudulent fossil, then ALL of evolution is false because ALL fossils are fraudulent… which proves that ‘god did it’.

- Posted by DuckPhup

What if both theories are wrong? Currently there are only two basic philosophies, either evolution or creationism. But what if there were other possibilities? As a species we are still confined to our own small planet, but yet we think we understand the universe we can only stare at from afar. I wouldn’t get to enamored with either theory. I don’t think we know enough to understand all the possibilities yet.

- Posted by bill in arizona

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