– Bernd Debusmann is a Reuters columnist. The opinions expressed are his own. —
By Bernd Debusmann
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - What is a real American? As opposed to an unreal American, a fake American, an un-American American or an anti-American American.
The answer is in the eye of the beholder and his or her political orientation. The question, and variations of it, has been asked in several periods of U.S. history and has bubbled up again, one of a number of odd sideshows, in the closing stages of the campaign for the presidential election on Nov. 4.
Are real Americans a minority in this richly diverse country of 300 million? You might well come to that conclusion if you believe the definitions publicly provided by several Republicans, including Sarah Palin, the vice presidential candidate, and conservative radio and TV talk show hosts.
“We believe that the best of America is in these small towns that we get to visit and these wonderful little pockets of what I call the real America, being here with all of you hard-working, very patriotic, very pro-America areas of this great nation,” Palin told a campaign rally in North Carolina in mid-October.
John McCain, the Republican candidate, has also sung the praise of small town (real) America. “Western Pennsylvania … is the most patriotic, most God-loving part of America,” he said at a rally there.
A belief in God, judging from speeches by both McCain and his Democratic opponent, Barack Obama, is an essential part of American-ness.

Robin Hayes, a Republican congressman from North Carolina, provided details on Americans who do not qualify as real. “Liberals hate real Americans that work, and accomplish, and achieve, and believe in God.” Both Palin and Hayes later “clarified” their remarks to say they had not actually meant to suggest the existence of pro- and anti-American parts of the country. Nevertheless, their words prompted a vivid debate in cyberspace and on talk radio.
REAL AMERICANS AND EUROPE
It quickly went beyond geography and into political beliefs. “Is it possible to be a real American and to be a socialist?” radio talk show host Chris Plante asked his listeners in the Washington area. “Can you still be a real American if you believe that the regimes that govern in Western Europe are a better way forward than the system that we have here?” Callers reassured him that no, that was not possible.
How much influence conservative talk radio has will be apparent on election day. The Rush Limbaugh Show alone claims 12 million daily listeners and other conservative talking heads, such as Sean Hannity, also pull in huge audiences. But listening to them, it is difficult not to come to the conclusion that they are preaching to the converted and their shows function as big echo chambers.
As the real vs unreal Americans debate unfolded over a few days - teacup storms have been relatively short in this election — another Republican member of Congress, Michelle Bachmann of Minnesota, poured fuel on the argument. She suggested in a television interview that the U.S. media should “take a great look at the views of the people in Congress and find out if they are pro-America or anti-America.”
That conjured up the ghost of Republican Sen. Joseph McCarthy, who was helped in his hunt for hidden communists in the 1950s by a congressional investigative body called the House Un-American Activities Committee.
Sorting the populace into good people and not-so-good (or downright bad and dangerous) people is nothing new in an election campaign - the not-so-good people are always those of the other party. Seen in historical context, today’s good vs bad rankings are tame, as are negative advertisements.
When John Quincy Adams ran for re-election in 1828, for example, he called his opponent Andrew Jackson a cannibal and a murderer and he had unkind words for Jackson’s followers. The charge didn’t help. Adams lost.
In the 2008 campaign, attempts to portray one set of Americans (those living in rural areas and small towns) as more American than their big-city compatriots run counter to demographics. Nostalgia for a country that no longer exists?
According to the 2000 census - the counts are taken every 10 years - America’s big cities and their suburbs are home to 192 million people. That compares with just under 60 million in rural areas overall and 30 million in towns of fewer than 50,000 people.
A community of 50,000 people is large in comparison with Wasilla, the Alaskan town that had 5,000 people when Sarah Palin became its mayor in 1996. It has since grown to close to 10,000 - still small enough to fit the latest definition of real America.
(You can contact the author at Debusmann@Reuters.com)


What is a real American? I think that question was best answered back in 1835 by Alexis de Tocqueville in his "Democracy in America." It's still accurate. Try reading that instead of listening to self-serving politicians.
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Thanks Mike for the compliment. I absolutely agree with you that America was essentially the big brother we all looked up to. The majority of humanities major achievements in the earlier part of the last century were the result of American ingenuity, Wright bro’s first flight, space exploration, Capital markets etc, and it was the Marshal Plan that allowed the rest of post war “Western Economies” to flourish.
A Caveat: this may stray way off point
Frank Castle;
In response to Franks comment “love the touting of the european system with all it’s free this and free that, of course one never mentions how much taxes are paid for these “free” things. Also people neglect to mention it’s easy to provide social services when your national defense is being subsidized by the US…..”
I would consider myself moderately socially conservative, idealistically capitalist, and feel similar frustrations with my own political system (Irish in America). It irks me to see 3rd generation social welfare families who in no way contribute to the national well being or national productivity, I do feel that these people are a burden, who decide not to contribute (In Ireland an individual can claim approx $300 a week basic, before rent, child allowances, free health care etc from social welfare) and rely on tax payers to fund there relatively avaricious life style, But…..
…..Like a lot of Europeans I feel there is a balance to be struck between the free market and social welfare policies (this does not make us socialists!). A balance to be struck between the initiative and ambition created by capitalism and the belief in the nation state fashioned by social systems. A social welfare system like the ones seen in many parts of Europe ensure that people don’t fall under a certain base level of poverty, below which people often descend into serious criminal or anti social behaviour. The ideology behind it from a capitalist stand point is that by giving these people something to lose, they are far less likely to engage in behaviour that results in their imprisonment etc, allowing the residents and visitors to the country to live without that level of fear, hence enjoying there life and expressing themselves to a greater degree.
And without trying to antagonise people, it’s impossible to estimate Europe’s required defence spending without U.S involvement – It is possible for instance it may be less if European countries weren’t allied to the U.S. I personally don’t feel like it’s the U.S.A’s spending on defence infrastructure in Europe that allows E.U countries to provide social welfare to it’s citizens.
Jen
I completely agree with what you said and I didn’t mean to sound so presumptive as to suggest what was “Real American” or “Un-American”. My reasoning for mentioning the “God” issue was primarily because America is so staggeringly diverse, and rapidly evolving due to it’s relatively recent beginnings that I always found it an interesting irony that the God Issue held so much weight on a cumulative stage. I didn’t mean to say it was wrong to do so, but religions in general have always been something I’ve found interesting and it’s not that I get particularly annoyed when I hear it mentioned, but more that I find it intriguing that it holds such weight in a country whom most people would identify as secular. So while I agree with you that my point may not be relevant in the context of this election, I do feel that it’s always worthwhile to be aware of how other countries approach similar situations
Very good point about that possibly being what it means to be real American.
I’d be interested to hear how people would identify a “Real” or “Unreal” European? An American (Canada and Mexico included) would be particularly interesting.
Dear Sir,
I have just read your article and I am even more confused than before.
I am a non-American and have over the years met many Americans all of whom had some sort of prefix: Irish-American, Native-American, African-American. Now we have Real-American. Why on earth can’t people in the States just be Americans and be happy with it?
I am astonished that some “americans” believe that others are “non american” because they have different views? How can the USA be the most free country in the world etc. if this is true?
And im not being funny but surely if anyone is a “real” american its native americans and not the european settlers who claim to be?
You know how I know I’m a real American? I look at my birth certificate and then I stop wondering.
“how disappointing that intellectual elitism
and progressive humanism have so deeply gouged
the roots of “real” America - hard work, fierce
individualism, and a revolutionary spirit that
resists the encroachment of federal interference
in all aspects of life. These ideals should transcend
geography, race, class, and religion - that they no
longer do is a sign of the waning spirit that was once America.”
-Posted by da6d
So, I reread this ‘best comment’ and offer my own aphoristic rebuttal—and then some:
Dearest da6d,
Out of your grandiosely ambiguous ROOTS has grown a TREE which—quite simply put—is much more complex and diverse then whence it grew from a seed.
The moral of my trite maxim you ask? If you haven’t already deduced for yourself I will help you. Although the roots have their place, there has been an additional base added (which would be the trunk if I am to continue using this boring analogy). On top of this base, or trunk, has even more complexity added to it with branches and leaves. Basically, I am suggesting you are far oversimplifying things and looking how things were and how things now aren’t (which is a conservative impulse in thinking—this idea of looking back at how things were).
And I believe you were aiming for “RUGGED INDIVIDUALISM” rather than “FIERCE INDIVIDUALISM” ; from which has been borne the notion that people simply can ‘pull themselves up by their bootstraps’ and elevate their social class through “HARD WORK” (I used the bootstrap cliché hoping that it might resonate with my idea of the likes of you).
Be careful not to too quickly jump into categorizing me with YOUR concept of ‘intellectual elitism’ and ‘progressive humanism’…. And as far as I can tell YOUR ‘progressive humanism’ is only a website, not some larger school of thought as you seemingly suggest. You might have meant secular humanism? I can only infer. Cheers!
And further I am sure my sympathy with the facts of history, combined with the clarity of distance in assessing the big picture allows me claim to be a real American ‘on this distant and fatal shore’(Gold Coast, Queensland). ‘Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free…’ Where’s the spirit of inclusion of the most cosmopolitan nation on earth?
Some brilliantly written pieces on the Nation that could Still stand as the quintessential result of Enlightenment thought in action. How could any real member of the American nation exclude the products of Ivy League universities or the animal-righters who may squirm at the thought of gun toting governors blasting God’s creatures off the face of the tundra?
Not that God has anything to do with anything; tell my fellow atheists who happen to live in America that they are not real Americans because they have dismissed a fairy tale.
I’m not surprised at this direction in tactics; the politics of division is alive and well and stalking the TV screens in bumble bee hair style and glasses.
Great comments everyone!
Now that the task of defining the concept of the “real American” has been ‘tackled’, let us digress further by defining the concept of what it is to be a “real Human Being”… dum dum dum… And then let us move on to what the difference between a human being and a human organism is
And laugh out loud (not abbreviated) at fausto for not catching onto Jack Serkoff’s satirical style… i.e. He is mocking the person who he pretends to be!
I read and liked the commentary. But your choice of best comment was a perplexing. How is the best comment on the column an article about negative retoric - a comment which espouses negative retoric? Either the writer never fully read the column or he didn’t fully understand the column. Perhaps the commentary should have been about how dense people can be. Or perhaps how missing the point is the point! Either way I sure am looking foward to the election ending. Then all of this poorly disguised republican hate speech will go away. Because you can soften criticism of it but we all know its meant to be mean and divisive, you bet ya.
All that matters is FREE Americans. Stay that way and resist enslavement to bigotted regressive ideology and we in the rest of the free world can all breathe easier. May the Force be with you next week
I live in California and I support Obama, as much of the state does. I have noticed among Obama supporters a level of intolerance that I had not seen before, and it is disturbing. Tolerance is the cornerstone of our country - without it we are not America. One might even say, intolerance is truly “un-American.” In a campaign of gray issues, the one clear distinction, is Sarah Palin’s ploy of playing off rural America against urban America. Whereas, Obama or Biden has argued for inclusion and unity. The fact that Palin is unqualified is undeniable (read the Anchorage endorsement for Obama), but the fact that Palin seeks to polarize Americans, makes her un-American and dangerous.
To Mike: The Constitution of the United States was not written by Thomas Jefferson, he was outside of the United States during the Constitutional Convention. The “individual” most often credited with assembly of the Constitution is James Madison.
That being said, the influence of Thomas Jefferson can clearly be seen in the First Amendment. Thomas Jefferson is noted as having worked with James Madison on this - most importantly on the Freedom of Religion. Thomas Jefferson fought hard to get the Constitution of Virginia to include Freedom of Religion in it - and beseeched James Madison to carry this into the Constitution.
What many people seem to forget, not know, or ignore is the lack of Religious Involvement wanted by the Framers of the Constitution. The Framers saw first hand how Religion was used in Politics to gain additional control of the people - and how effectively it could be used to turn them against one another.
As the majority religious doctrine practiced in the United States is currently Christianity, many want to perceive the nation as a Christian Nation. This, again, is against what was conceived by the Framers and Founders of this Country. There is no mention, whatsoever, of Christianity or a Divine figure in the entirety of the United States Constitution. This is for good reason. While many of the Framers did believe in a deity - they felt any relationship with a Divinity was a personal one - and not something subject to public scrutiny or governmental regulation.
As seen in this link, Article 11 of the U.S. Treaty with Tripoli of 1796-1797 http://www.stephenjaygould.org/ctrl/trea ty_tripoli.html, “As the Government of the United States of America is not, in any sense, founded on the Christian religion; as it has in itself no character of enmity against the laws, religion, or tranquillity, of Mussulmen…” the United States was NOT founded as a Country of any Religion.
It is important to note that John Adams, one of the Founders, was the President who signed this Treaty into effect. This Treaty, which was signed less than 10 years after the penning of the Constitution of the United States, clearly states, with no ambiquity, that this is not a Christian Nation. That this is not a God-Fearing nation (on that note, shouldn’t you Love your Deity, not Fear it?). That this is not a nation of a Religion.
The only Faith the Constitution has is the Faith in the People of the United States of America.
I confess that simply hearing the phrase “real American” puts me on guard and especially so in connection with a political campaign. Somehow we have forgotten how difficult it would be to describe such an ideal. We are, after all, constructed as a nation on a foundation of diversity. That construction comes about not simply because we were and are a vast land, and that our history of opening the doors to immigration is unparalleled. It has come about because of the wisdom our founders expressed in the construct of the constitution. In this document, hastily written, lie the tenets that eschew eltism and rejects separation of classes based on wealth or perceived birthright. It also provides the basis by which we celebrate our differences, which understandably are many. Villification of the “other” is not an American ideal, yet inevitably and especially in difficult times, it rears it’s threatening menace. The degree to which we individually express and practice tolerance, in my view at least, reaches for the apotheosis of “real American”.
Change is inevitable. Political systems change to meet the needs of their populace. McCain’s administration, though, will be a change from the ultra-[social]conservatism we’ve seen for the last eight years. A simple examination of the 2000 Republican primary race demonstrates the chasm between Bush and McCain.
The answer to your question as to what differentiates a “Real” American from an “unreal” American is that “Real” Americans subscribe to the idea that the US is a meritocracy. You hear people [immigrants] talk about coming to the US to achieve “The American Dream”. Most of the best works of American Fiction surround themselves around that very theme. “Real” Americans, regardless of socio-economic status, believe that if one works hard enough or is resourceful enough, they can rise above less desirable socio-economic conditions. There is a belief in “pulling oneself up by their bootstraps.” It is this meritocratic belief that is the most crucial element of the American Spirit [and arguably, derivatively, the American Economy].
It has nothing to do with faith in God, small town values, or patriotism. It has everything to do with meritocracy.
I am glad to see that “real Americans” are reading the news and commenting on it as we are exercising our constitutional right to freedom of speech! I just hope Americans can remember that this nation is wonderful because it has a history of tolerance for differences. I for one do not care to live in a country where everyone looks the same, talks the same, thinks the same, and people self-censor because they fear the actions of their neighbors. We should not set the bar so low, we turn into a nation of bitter and divided individuals. Are there not enough places like that?
I’ve personally noticed some horrible backlash against individuals advocating the McCain/Palin ticket, much more so than the Dem side. And, in terms of racial aggression, it’s been unreal the comments and actions of blacks in the past several months, as it relates to talking about this election. As a white person, I’ve felt the discrimation has reversed during this election term. It seems almost dangerous to speak any negative against the Dem ticket, because it is immediately perceived as racisit or elitist. In my own case, my views are very conservative, and any liberal would not get my vote. Obama and race? For me, it’s not an issue, but the attitudes and actions of Dem supporters I’ve met have been almost 60ish in nature, in terms of their radical and totally disrespectful nature. And to think, as a child of that era, we worked hard for equality and brotherhood, and now look- it seems to be the reflection of just the opposite.
If I am an un-real American then perhaps I should start paying my taxes with monopoly money.
What is a real American? I think that question was best answered back in 1835 by Alexis de Tocqueville in his “Democracy in America.” It’s still accurate. Try reading that instead of listening to self-serving politicians.
Jean mentions that Canadians live in North America, too. True enough. So do Mexicans, who resent that U.S. nationals call themselves Americans, as if they were the only Americans in North America. Now what about uniting Canada, the U.S. and Mexico in one big, new America? No need for the border wall, then, nor Predator spy planes flying along the U.S.-Canadian border.
Some might remember the famous letter:
“Dear Red States…” A Letter From The Blue!
(http://www.craigslist.org/about/best/sf o/80714812.html)
I think we Americans should not be that narrow-minded and super-patriotic about Europe. There are some good things there to borrow, just like there are some good things to borrow form the USA. I find that the secondary education of Europe outstrips the high-school education. There is far to much “Euro-trashing” in the states, it’s much too easy. And gradually, Europe is forging stronger ties to other countries and the risk is a sort of isolationism. Some countries, and I would rather not mention them, cling to the USA the way that fawning waiter does because he wants a tip. But is that what Americans want? A bootcleaner? Perhaps. But the choice is between forging solid ties again and winning by synergies, or becoming irrelevant. It’s up to the voters, I guess. Because today, unlike what Jen C says, all due respect, you have to vote with a global mind. You want a hothead like McCain, who has no idea where Pakistan is, or that Sunnis and Shiites are different? Or who, embarassingly, believes firmly that Russia aggressed Georgia and whose foreign affairs adviser is a lobbyist for Georgia? Go ahead, lets vote for him, and in a few years we will have about as many friends as North Korea does, because we haven’t grown out of the Cold War mentality.
Cheers