An economy growing at an average of 7 percent for six years now with a construction and consumer boom, a rising middle-class that has just voted out a government, a free press, a thriving fashion scene. Another emerging market star?
Yes, but this is the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, better known these days for its suicide bombings, a nuclear arsenal and labelled as the epicentre of Islamist extremism including perhaps the last redoubt of Osama bin Laden in the lands straddling the Afghan border. “Jihadistan” as one reader wrote on this blog.
What is the reality ? Are there two Pakistans? Is it really Pakistan: Now or Never ? Or is the image of Pakistan clouded by TV pictures of blood and gore in its streets, feeding insecurities while shutting out the important political, economic and social transformations that are underway in a nation of 150 million people.
Author William Dalrymple travels through the harsh scrublands of Sindh, home to Kalashnikov-wielding landlords and honour killings, and then back up the Punjab and he doesn’t find a country flirting with state failure or anything even approaching the “most dangerous country in the world” as it has been so commonly branded in recent months, right down to a group by that name on Facebook.
Instead, as he writes in the New York Review of Books, he found a countryside that “was no less peaceful and prosperous than that on the other side of the Indian border”, and a far cry from the violent instability of post-occupation Iraq or Afghanistan. Pakistan’s cities are changing beyond recognition with shopping malls, expensive cars, and a burgeoning fashion scene with gay designers and amazingly beautiful women, he says.
And capping all this is a middle class that grew almost out of nowhere in a country once famously known as the land of 22 big feudal families, one of them the Bhuttos, for the absolute political and economic power they wielded. And it is this enriched and empowered urban middle class that has finally moved from their “living rooms onto the steets, from dinner parties to political parties,” Dalrymple writes, leading a lawyers’ movement that swelled into a full-scale pro-democracy campaign that has arguably seen off a military dictatorship
Shades of India, the world’s most populous democracy? No, this is Pakistan, but then the world prefers its stereotypes simple. India successful, secular and forward-looking; Islamic Pakistan, a failure. Are they really different, is it time to break down the stereotypes then?


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36 comments so far
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i lovee this article! hats offf.. these are things that really need to be said! i live in pakistan and am doing my art thesis in exactly what the author is talking about!
- Posted by najiaFrom a journalistic perspective it is clear that there are many angles to a story. It is easy to simplify a news story and often reporters working to deadlines are happy to build upon stereotypes. Of course there is whole lot more to Pakistan then the current security situation. I can attest to the list of voices from Pakistanis here that there is much more to the country then being a central battle ground where the War on Terror is being fought.
However the fact remains that what separates the Pakistan story right now from other stories is this very conflict situation. Any other story which comes out of the country will be viewed by outsiders from this narrow lens. In deed there are exceptions. However just look at the recent events in China with Tibet and how the western media has failed to adequately present the Chinese perspective and side of the argument, which incidentally is a powerful one. It is remarkable how Tibet has been splashed on the front pages when there are far worse atrocities in places such as Sudan, Somalia. Of course those countries are not rising economic superpowers on a par to challenging the centuries old global status quo.
I bring this up to show how the media leads people in a certain direction and public opinion just seems to follow. And yes I will say that in recent years the strong criticism the Pakistani media has hurled at the Musharraf regime has made this writer very proud. The media in Pakistan may not be as secure and free as in the States and Europe; however it is bolder and more open in its criticism of its leaders. Which brings up another interesting topic over how having served under a repressive dictatorship the institutions of this country have continued to defy common stereotypes labeled on such states.
- Posted by SyedAccording to the Wikepidia, the population of Hindus in Pakistan was around 20% after the partition of India. Now it is less than 2 percent. The intolerance of minorities in all muslim countries is undisputed. The tranquility on the surface hides the real intolerance that is in the heart of the Pakistani populace. Big highways and nice buildings don’t make a good nation. We have to look at heart of the people. Are they willing to tolerate the point of view of dissidents or minorities? Until they prove that they are willig to do so, Pakistan will be known for what it is, a intolerant feudal, theocracy.
- Posted by ssrjPakistan is not the same that it was 10 years ago. The country is improving and its totally different from what is shown in the media. I think Pakistan along with Turkey are the two most moderate Muslim countries in the world.
- Posted by ZeeshanAs for some of the Indians commenting here that Pakistan should join up with India. I would just like to tell them, DREAM ON!
Millions of people didn’t lose their lives for nothing during partition of British India, and we will not allow 800 million Hindus to take over our land. Pakistan’s own population is only 162 million, India’s population is over 1 billion and half of India’s population lives below the poverty line. Do you know what kind of effect that would do to the land of Pakistan? I know it would be India’s dream come true but in reality India is the last country Pakistan would want to join with. I do think that Pakistan should keep on improving relations with India and do more business projects and trade with India, it will benefit both countries. If India and Pakistan were both peaceful neighbors towards one another, both countries would proseper.
honestly, let go of india’s reunification with Pakistan. Its like saying lets join all Europeans into one country. No european wants that. Thats why I understand Pakistan’s plight. I went to Pakistan and India and saw such big differences–people, infrastructure, etc. India has alot of poverty, bollywood culture, and the rich 10 percent. iT DOESNT EVEN HAVE PROPER HIGHWAYS. Pakistan and i am shocked to say this has actually amazing motorways, amazing women, and different culture. And yes, Bollywood. I pray Pakistan to emerge as the next great TURKEY.
- Posted by zach W.Basim,
I being a Pakistani condemn your remarks about someone’s religion.
Mr. Johnny,
- Posted by MJIf you wish the subcontinent well then you should talk a bit more sensibly. You make Pakistan sound like a total failure whereas India a complete success. Dont believe in stereotypes of “Jihadistan” and “India Shining”. In your “Jihadistan” the people just recently voted for extremely progressive and secular parties and totally sidelined the mullahs and the military. In your “India Shining” 80,000 farmers committed suicide because of debt and poverty. And what about number of people living under the poverty line? That number is going to actually double because of inflation since $1 is not enough to feed anymore and has to be increased to $2. So let’s not get a big head over the success of 10% of the population while ignoring the plight of 90%. You be happy in your home and work for its good, and let us be happy in our home and work on ours. Both countries have gigantic problems to tackle.
Pakistan is the best country in the world. It has everything. Beautiful country, beautiful people.. powerful military, fastest growing economy, best relations with other countries (other than communist India), awesome food.. what else does one need?
- Posted by AhsanFor one, Pakistan does not have a population of 150 million but over 169 million (http://www.prb.org/Countries/pakistan.a spx).
More than “the world prefers its stereotypes”, the so-called free world (west) faces two threats, one from Islamic extremists and the other from a rising China. So it is only natural that the “world” media portrays these two in a negative light.
India is mostly projected as “secular” because the west does not feel a threat from it and wants to pit it against a China that will be increasingly dominant in the next few decades. These are some facts about India that might make you rethink your “secular”:
– In 2002, India butchers over 2000 people (mainly Muslim) in the Indian state of Gujarat. To this day, no one has been brought to justice on this. In fact, India’s Hindus keep bring Mr. Narendra Modi (the Chief Minister at the time of the Gujarat pograms) to power election after election.
– The Golden Temple massacre of 1984 where the Indian army stormed a Sikh Temple killing over 500 civilians (predominantly Sikh). For those of you who do not remember but Indira Gandhi was assassinated by her Sikh bodyguard.
– Over 50,000 civilians have dies in the Kashmir conflict up until now. India does not give sovereignty of the Kashmir people to decide on their fate as mandated by the United Nation is 1948.
Now as for the recent unrest in Pakistan, most Pakistanis consider a failed western policy in Afghanistan to be the main reason for the blow-back in Pakistan as well as the Musharraf policy of heavy-handedly dealing with Pakistani tribals in the border areas.
- Posted by Dawood KhanMr. Johnny, are you with your mind. Indians should first understand that Pakistan is an independent country. Indians drink cow urine and think cow is their mother. Pakistanis drink cow milk and think its meat is dilicious. Pakistan and India has same level of poverty … infact India has slightly more as per UN report. Why indians still need to fill their gas cylinders for cooking and Pakistanis have gas connections in their kitchen?
- Posted by BasimMr. Johnny, Thank you very much for your interest in welfare of subcontinent.
- Posted by Waqas YousafLoose Federation or any state of india! Are you nuts?? Have you ever studied the history of these two countries? history of the disputes among these two countries? Every studied the psychy, the mindset of the both sides of borders? no? nada?
Its just not about not the pieces of lands, its about two nation theory sir! Pakistan and India are just same as China and Russia. Being a well wisher of subcontinent, you must pray that the India should realize the right of freedom of people fighting in different states of India for freedom.
Pakistan is not really what it is portrayed in the world. It is quite unfortunate that Pakistan has now become a synonym with suicide bombings and militancy, however, it is more than that. A thriving economy, booming telecom, construction , financial and IT market, Pakistan offers a lot more than what is on the news.
- Posted by KashifWell! Pakistan\’s main problem isn\’t the so called 22 families. It was mention by dr. mehbub many decades ago and now we have nothing to do with these families because fractions and other domestic family crisis has just vaporized the SO CALLED elite club of Pakistan. You could observe the profiles of the newly elected MPs and most of them, yes most of them came from middle class or was the part in middle class in some ways.. Pakistan\’s biggest problem is army rule looping again and again after some years of democracy because Pakistan army is the biggest landlord of Pakistan occupying almost 10% land of Pakistan. Western countries always encourage the army rule in Pakistan like ayub khan was very close to Mr. Kennedy and Yaha was friend of Richard Nixon.. everyone know about the friendship between Zia and Cater, Bush and Mr. Reagan and last the Musharraf and his diaper friend Bush.. People of Pakistan has struggled a lot for democracy but their ambitions were always crushed by the heavy boots of Army and the support provided to the army by the western nations.
- Posted by Waqas YousafPakistan would fight terrorism in better way by the participation of its people.. If anyone thinks that he could change the image of Pakistan into positive and friendly state by bypassing the democracy, the one should have prepared for thousands of Usamas being produced in the environment of state terrorism and politically numb.
If Mr. Johnny is so eager to make Pakistan part of India, what about Bangladesh? India spent $3 billion dollar to erect a fence around Bangladesh while its own people were going hungry. Indian people need to recognize that Pakistan is an independent country and have been in existence for over 60 years. Sooner they accept this fact, sooner the peace process can begin between the two countries, which will be good for all people who are inhabitant of the subcontinent.
- Posted by DenaliEverything in this article is true. Pakistan has always been portrayed in the media as a failed or dangerous country. In reality, this is totally absurd and false. The recent elections in Pakistan proves my point. They are progressive, they want peace and most of all they mean business.
- Posted by arifBeing a pakistani, i have never seen anyone state the condition of pakistan as accurately as this author as…bravo…
u can only paint a picture of pakistan such as this, if anyone has ever been there and met people and talked to them…others usually write what they read or what they want people to read…
- Posted by uzairI’m British and in Pakistan right now. Pakistan is a beautiful country and the VAST majority of people here want democracy, accountability in government, and social harmony. The reason all the chaos has happened here recently is because Pakistan has responsible media organisations that inform the public of what is going on with the powers that be. And the people are politically informed. Which is more than I can say for my country’s media and its citizens.
- Posted by toma country that in early 60’s gave its development blue-print to Korea is now deemed as a failed state. Due to its too much dependence on US and acting as a client state for West against the Red Army Paksitan earned applause, wreath and curse. The people as i know them are resilient.
The economic engine that was pumped by USAID and well managed by Musharraf has given air to the wings, thereby creating a nascent economy with a very talented and hard working people.
Its about time for Pakistan to get its due share and shun the practice of being a client state. Who needs a rented state now in this era of economic warfare..
- Posted by faris[...] Source: Reuters [...]
- Posted by Pakistan: Breaking down the stereotypes - NaiTazi.comPakistan is country dominated by military and people do not have the freedom or rights available in India. Given its fertile lands, it potentially could do better than India (proportionally). It had squandered all the opportunities in the last 60 years. Its occupation of part of Kashmir, it hading over part of the land to China and previous generation of Indian leaders’ inability to take back the land when they had a chance, means the problems has a chance to go on indefinitely. Pakistan has so much in common with India and so much not. My suggestion is that it slowly form a loose federation or become a state of India. This way it can participate in the dynamic economy of India and not spend so much of its wealth on military. The population will thrive and proper as India becomes one of the three superpowers, in a couple of decades.
This comment is written by someone who is interested in the welfare of Indian subcontinent.
- Posted by JohnnyWhile this doesn’t affect your thesis, I would like to point out that the article about the 22 families you have used as reference is complete nonsense. The famous 22 families were industrialist families who a prominent economist (Dr Mahbub-ul-Haq cited in the linked article) identified as controlling 2/3rds of Pakistan’s industrial assets during the 1960s-70s. They were not necessarily or primarily political clans or feudal dynasties as the linked article claims. The Bhuttos, a feudal not an industrialist clan, were certainly not amongst the 22 families. To see Dr Haq’s own statement, please refer to http://www.mhhdc.org/html/speeches.htm and scroll down to “System is to blame for the 22 wealthy families”
- Posted by Ari